Lymphedema is one of the most common symptoms of cancer. It could also be a side effect of cancer treatment. Lymph fluid carries dead cells, bacteria and waste into the bloodstream. In a patient with lymphedema, lymph nodes are damaged and lymph fluid builds up in these regions. Cancer and/or cancer treatment are among a few factors that can damage lymph nodes.

What Causes Lymphedema?

According to an estimate by oncologists, lymphedema is common in 30% of breast cancer patients. However, some studies estimate a higher number. Cancer may involve their underarm (also called axilla) lymph nodes. In some breast cancer patients, it is caused by surgery or radiation therapy.

At the best hospital for cancer treatment in Kolkata, mastectomy involves removal of a few lymph nodes as the surgeons want to ensure that no malignant cells are left in the body. It minimizes the chance of recurrence. Surgery may impair a patient’s lymphatic system. Tumour growth may press on lymph nodes, prevent lymphatic flow and cause lymphedema.

The American Cancer Society says lymphedema can be a symptom of almost any type of cancer including:

Ø  Breast cancer

Ø  Head and neck cancer

Ø  Gynecologic cancer

Ø  Melanoma

Ø  Lymphoma

Lymphedema Symptoms

Swelling in an arm or leg is the most common and prominent symptom of lymphedema. In addition, patients may experience:

Ø  Tingling or tightness in arm or leg

Ø  Tight, thick (leather-like) skin

Ø  Wars, blisters or other noticeable skin changes

Ø  Hair loss

Ø  Trouble sleeping

Treatment for Lymphedema

Some therapies for lymphedema are:

Manual Lymphatic Drainage: Gentle massage is applied to move lymphatic fluid, which has built up around the damaged lymphatic nodes, to healthy nodes.

Compression Therapy: Compression stockings or sleeves press on the affective areas and reduce swelling.

Skin Care: Lymphedema patients are at a higher risk of getting an infection. Therefore, even a small cut needs to be addressed quickly; otherwise it may become more aggressive.

Exercise: Low-impact exercises like brisk walk, swimming may improve lymphatic circulation.

Types of Lymphedema

Primary Lymphedema is caused by birth abnormality or a genetic condition. It is rare.

Secondary Lymphedema happens because of damaged lymph nodes that disrupt the flow of lymph fluid. The condition is brought by several factors such as, an infection, trauma, parasite and even cancer and/or cancer treatment.